What are the 4 elements of hip hop
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Since these intervals weren't really long enough to get a good rhyme going, he would put two copies of the same record on the turntables and use an audio mixer to switch between them, allowing him to loop the breaks for as long as he needed - hip-hopping on the turntable. In the late 1960s he used to deejay at parties, where he would chant improvised rhymes over the instrumentals and breaks of popular songs. One of these immigrants was DJ Kool Herc. In the 1960s many Jamaicans emigrated to the USA, winding up in the inner-city ghettos of New York. In 1968 King Tubby created the dub style of music by leaving out portions of the vocal tracks on a dub plate (the local term for the acetate disc), and effectively creating a new version of a song - what would today be called a 'remix'. The afterbeat, the rock steady beat, ska, dub and reggae all developed during this period.Īnd deejays were experimenting not only with music, but also with technology. Musically it was an innovative period, with the emphasis on rhythmic experimentation. The roots of hip hop deejaying lie in the Jamaica of the 1950s and '60s, where the sound system was an efficient way to transport music around the country, and the deejays were popular and often flamboyant entertainers. Upon these the deejay performs techniques such as mixing, scratching, cutting, and sampling, to create an entirely new piece of music from the original track. At its simplest it consists of a pair of turntables, an audio mixer, and original recordings. But hip hop deejaying, or turntablism, is a complex art. This theory is based around the four elements of hip hop:Īnyone who plays a record on a turntable can call himself or herself a Deejay. But hip hop is now a global multi-billion dollar industry, and those same entrepreneurs who contributed to its success are now engaged in a desperate attempt to maintain the roots of hip hop and, in the now-familiar phrase, 'Keep it real'.Īs with any maturing culture, hip hop has spawned its own theory. Much of what these cultural entrepreneurs did was illegal, condemned, or otherwise disapproved of. 'Emcees' manipulated the language into a new nomenclature. Martial arts were incorporated into dance styles. Popular songs were transformed by 'deejaying' techniques. They took what already existed and turned it into something new, exciting and different. They spraypainted the walls, they danced on street corners, they hooked-up to lamp-posts to power their sound systems. So the hip hoppers utilised what was around them. Its originators were from the inner-city immigrant strata of society: frustrated young people who felt disenfranchised by the system, excluded from mainstream culture, and desperate to express themselves. Hip hop encompasses music, dancing, art, poetry, language and fashion. Also like rock'n'roll, hip hop emerged in the exuberant decade following a prolonged military conflict, in this case the Vietnam war. Hip hop is a phenomenally successful youth-oriented culture that has now reached every corner of the globe, just as rock'n'roll did a generation earlier.